The sphere with antennas, however, was a full-fledged scientific instrument.
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The code name of the first artificial Earth satellite was PS-1 - ‘Basic Sputnik-1’. It was only in 1989 that the ‘Lenin’ was permanently anchored in Murmansk. It was put into operation in 1959 and, during the first years, it led several hundred vessels through the ice. At the time of its foundation, the icebreaker ‘Lenin’ was the first civilian nuclear-powered vessel in the world. The development of nuclear power in the 1950s made it possible to build an icebreaker that could carry a caravan of ships along the Northern Sea Route for the entire navigation season without refueling.
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Unlike “earthly” pilots, cosmonauts, although monitoring the flight and condition of the spacecraft, intervene only if necessary, such as manual docking, orbit correction or landing, as on the American Space Shuttle. In fact, manned space is still a rather relative concept. But the cosmonaut had instruments at his disposal, which allowed switching to manual control - after opening an envelope with a digital code inside. According to the plan, the flight should have been fully automatic. In 1961, the first manned spaceship was Gagarin’s ‘Vostok 1’. And, yet, this “too simple idea” has now become commonplace several decades later, because almost everyone has a computer. The author himself said that he, nevertheless, received feedback on his patent: in the form of satisfaction and a 50 ruble bonus. Alas, the intellectual was never given the attention it deserved: the research institute where Gorokhov worked said that his design was too simple to exist in reality. It contained a keyboard, a system unit and a monitor. In 1968, engineer Arseny Gorokhov patented a blueprint programming device. Today, the Fyodorov method is used all over the world, it is still considered one of the most non-traumatic and effective in the treatment of glaucoma. After a non-penetrating deep sclerectomy, the pressure gradually returns to normal and the impact on the eye nerve decreases. In 1973, he performed an operation during which he created a way for the outflow of the intraocular fluid. An innovative method of treating this problem was invented by ophthalmologist Svyatoslav Fyodorov. The outlook is bleak - potential blindness. Glaucoma Treatment, 1973Ī person suffering from glaucoma has increased intraocular pressure, resulting in decreased visual acuity. To this day, ‘Tetris’ and its clones can be found on every gadget. ‘Tetris’, which went around on 5.0 floppy disks, became a hit among computer people in the USSR, and soon became known to the rest of the world. A little later, a young programmer named Vadim Gerasimov rewrote the game for IBM computers in the familiar form. At first, ‘Tetris’ looked very primitive: the pieces consisted of text characters like brackets and dashes. The puzzle was improved and programmed for the ‘Electronica-60’ computer. In 1984, programmer Alexey Pazhitnov tried to transfer the ‘tetromino’ puzzle to the computer. Its heuristic analyzer, which identifies dangerous programs that are yet unknown to the antivirus, successfully detected the “virus”. In 1996, the Russian antivirus detected 100 percent of such viruses during a comparative test. Web’, the first program ever to not only detect, but also eliminate a polymorphic virus which, when it infected a file, encrypted its code. In 1993, Igor Danilov of the Leninets Research and Production Association created ‘Dr.
But back in the early 1990s, encountering malware was a serious threat to computers.
Antivirus programs are on almost every gadget today.
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